马斯克创业初心：可持续能源

字幕原文

Well, 嗯，

it goes back to when I was in university. 这要追溯到我上大学的时候。

I thought about what are the problems 我当时在思考，有哪些问题

that are most likely to affect the future of the world 最有可能影响世界的未来

or future of humanity. 或者人类的未来。

I think it's extremely important 我认为极其重要的是

that we have sustainable transport 我们拥有可持续的交通

and sustainable energy production. 和可持续的能源生产。

That sort of overall sustainable energy problem is the biggest problem 这种整体的可持续能源问题是最大的问题

that we have to solve this century. 我们必须在本世纪解决的。

Independent of environmental concerns, 撇开环境问题不谈，

in fact, even if producing CO2 is good for the environment, 事实上，即使产生二氧化碳对环境有益，

given that 考虑到

we're going to run out of hydrocarbons, 我们的碳氢化合物即将耗尽，

we need to find some 我们需要找到一些

sustainable means 可持续的方式

of operating. 来运作。

Most of 大部分

American electricity comes from 美国的电力来自

burning fossil fuels. 燃烧化石燃料。

How can an electric car 一辆电动汽车怎么能

that plugs into that electricity help? 插入那种电力会有帮助呢？

Right. 对。

There's two elements to that answer. 这个答案有两个要素。

One is 一个是

that even if you take the same source fuel 即使你使用相同的燃料来源

and produce power at the power plant 并在发电厂发电

and 然后

use it to charge electric cars, you're still better off. 用它来给电动汽车充电，你仍然会更好。

So if you take, say, natural gas, 所以如果你拿，比如说，天然气，

which is 它是

most prevalent to hydrocarbon source fuel, 最普遍的碳氢化合物燃料来源，

if you 如果你

burn that in a modern 在一个现代的

general electric natural gas turbine, you'll get about 60% efficiency. 通用电气天然气涡轮机中燃烧它，你会得到大约60%的效率。

If you put that same fuel in a 如果你把同样的燃料放入

combustion engine car, you get about 20% efficiency. 内燃机汽车中，你只会得到大约20%的效率。

And the reason is in the stationary power plant, 原因是，在固定式发电厂中，

you can afford to have something 你可以负担得起拥有一些

that weighs a lot more, 重量大得多，

is voluminous, 体积庞大，

and you can take the waste heat 并且你可以利用废热

and run a steam turbine 运行蒸汽涡轮机

and generate a secondary power source. 并产生二次电源。